What assessment finding should alert the nurse to a potential complication from parenteral nutrition?

A blood glucose level of 518 mg/dL indicates severe hyperglycemia, which is a significant concern in patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Parenteral nutrition can lead to excessive glucose delivery, particularly if the infusion rates are not carefully monitored or if the patient's insulin response is inadequate. In such cases, the body may struggle to utilize the large amount of glucose being provided, resulting in dangerously high blood sugar levels.

The correct interpretation of this finding is critical because unmanaged hyperglycemia can lead to serious complications, including a higher risk of infections, delayed wound healing, and potential development of hyperglycemic crises, such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. Continuous hyperglycemia can also impact organ function and overall patient outcomes.

Monitoring glucose levels is essential for any patient on parenteral nutrition to ensure they remain within a safe range, and any drastic elevation, like the one indicated, warrants immediate intervention.